Coverage for hdl_registers/generator/register_code_generator.py: 99%
172 statements
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1# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2# Copyright (c) Lukas Vik. All rights reserved.
3#
4# This file is part of the hdl-registers project, an HDL register generator fast enough to run
5# in real time.
6# https://hdl-registers.com
7# https://github.com/hdl-registers/hdl-registers
8# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10from __future__ import annotations
12import datetime
13import re
14from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
15from pathlib import Path
16from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
18from tsfpga.git_utils import get_git_commit, git_commands_are_available
19from tsfpga.svn_utils import get_svn_revision_information, svn_commands_are_available
20from tsfpga.system_utils import create_file, read_file
22from hdl_registers import __version__ as hdl_registers_version
24from .register_code_generator_helpers import RegisterCodeGeneratorHelpers
25from .reserved_keywords import RESERVED_KEYWORDS
27if TYPE_CHECKING:
28 from hdl_registers.register_list import RegisterList
31class RegisterCodeGenerator(ABC, RegisterCodeGeneratorHelpers):
32 """
33 Abstract interface and common functions for generating register code.
34 Should be inherited by all custom code generators.
36 Note that this base class also inherits from :class:`.RegisterCodeGeneratorHelpers`,
37 meaning some useful methods are available in subclasses.
38 """
40 @property
41 @abstractmethod
42 def SHORT_DESCRIPTION(self) -> str: # noqa: N802
43 """
44 A short description of what this generator produces.
45 Will be used when printing status messages.
47 Overload in subclass by setting e.g.
49 .. code-block:: python
51 class MyCoolGenerator(RegisterCodeGenerator):
53 SHORT_DESCRIPTION = "C++ header"
55 as a static class member at the top of the class.
56 """
58 @property
59 @abstractmethod
60 def COMMENT_START(self) -> str: # noqa: N802
61 """
62 The character(s) that start a comment line in the programming language that we are
63 generating code for.
65 Overload in subclass by setting e.g.
67 .. code-block:: python
69 class MyCoolGenerator(RegisterCodeGenerator):
71 COMMENT_START = "#"
73 as a static class member at the top of the class.
74 Note that for some languages you might have to set :attr:`.COMMENT_END` as well.
75 """
77 @property
78 @abstractmethod
79 def output_file(self) -> Path:
80 """
81 Result will be placed in this file.
83 Overload in a subclass to give the proper name to the code artifact.
84 Probably using a combination of ``self.output_folder`` and ``self.name``.
85 For example:
87 .. code-block:: python
89 @property
90 def output_file(self) -> Path:
91 return self.output_folder / f"{self.name}_regs.html"
92 """
94 @abstractmethod
95 def get_code(
96 self,
97 **kwargs: Any, # noqa: ANN401
98 ) -> str:
99 """
100 Get the generated code as a string.
102 Overload in a subclass where the code generation is implemented.
104 Arguments:
105 kwargs: Further optional parameters that can be used.
106 Can send any number of named arguments, per the requirements of :meth:`.get_code`
107 of any custom generators that inherit this class.
108 """
110 # Optionally set a non-zero default indentation level, expressed in number of spaces, in a
111 # subclass for your code generator.
112 # Will be used by e.g. the 'self.comment' method.
113 DEFAULT_INDENTATION_LEVEL = 0
115 # For some languages, comment lines have to be ended with special characters.
116 # Optionally set this to a non-null string in a subclass.
117 # For best formatting, leave a space character at the start of this string.
118 COMMENT_END = ""
120 # For a custom code generator, overload this value in a subclass.
121 # This version number of the custom code generator class is added to the file header of
122 # generated artifacts.
123 # Changing the number will trigger a re-generate of all artifacts when 'create_if_needed'
124 # is called.
125 __version__ = "0.0.1"
127 def __init__(self, register_list: RegisterList, output_folder: Path) -> None:
128 """
129 Arguments:
130 register_list: Registers and constants from this register list will be included
131 in the generated artifacts.
132 output_folder: Result file will be placed in this folder.
133 """
134 self.register_list = register_list
135 self.output_folder = output_folder
137 self.name = register_list.name
139 def create(
140 self,
141 **kwargs: Any, # noqa: ANN401
142 ) -> Path:
143 """
144 Generate the result artifact.
145 I.e. create the :meth:`.output_file` containing the result from :meth:`.get_code` method.
147 Arguments:
148 kwargs: Further optional parameters that will be sent on to the
149 :meth:`.get_code` method.
150 See :meth:`.get_code` for details.
152 Return:
153 The path to the created file, i.e. :meth:`.output_file`.
154 """
155 output_file = self.output_file
157 current_working_directory = Path.cwd()
158 if current_working_directory in output_file.parents:
159 # Print a shorter path if the output is inside the CWD.
160 path_to_print = output_file.relative_to(current_working_directory)
161 else:
162 # But don't print a long string of ../../ if it is outside, but instead the full path.
163 path_to_print = output_file
164 print(f"Creating {self.SHORT_DESCRIPTION} file: {path_to_print}")
166 self._sanity_check()
168 # Constructing the code and creating the file is in a separate method that can
169 # be overridden.
170 # Everything above should be common though.
171 return self._create_artifact(output_file=output_file, **kwargs)
173 def _create_artifact(
174 self,
175 output_file: Path,
176 **kwargs: Any, # noqa: ANN401
177 ) -> Path:
178 """
179 The last stage of creating the file: Constructs the code and creates the file.
180 This method is called by :meth:`.create` and should not be called directly.
181 It is separated out to make it easier to override some specific behaviors in subclasses.
182 """
183 code = self.get_code(**kwargs)
184 result = f"{self.header}\n{code}"
186 # Will create the containing folder unless it already exists.
187 return create_file(file=output_file, contents=result)
189 def create_if_needed(
190 self,
191 **kwargs: Any, # noqa: ANN401
192 ) -> tuple[bool, Path]:
193 """
194 Generate the result file if needed.
195 I.e. call :meth:`.create` if :meth:`.should_create` is ``True``.
197 This method is recommended rather than :meth:`.create` in time-critical scenarios,
198 such as before a user simulation run.
199 The :meth:`.should_create` check is very fast (0.5 ms on a decent computer with a typical
200 register list), while a typical register generator is quite slow by comparison.
201 Hence it makes sense to run this method in order to save execution time.
202 This increased speed gives a much nicer user experience.
204 Arguments:
205 kwargs: Further optional parameters that will be sent on to the
206 :meth:`.get_code` method.
207 See :meth:`.get_code` for details.
209 Return:
210 Tuple, where first element is a boolean status, and second element is the path to the
211 artifact that may or may not have been created.
213 The boolean is the return value of :meth:`.should_create`.
215 The path is the :meth:`.output_file` and is set always, even if the file was
216 not created.
217 """
218 if self.should_create:
219 create_path = self.create(**kwargs)
220 return True, create_path
222 return False, self.output_file
224 @property
225 def should_create(self) -> bool:
226 """
227 Indicates if a (re-)create of artifacts is needed.
228 Will be True if any of these conditions are true:
230 * Output file does not exist.
231 * Generator version of artifact does not match current code version.
232 * Artifact hash does not match :meth:`.RegisterList.object_hash` of the current
233 register list.
234 I.e. something in the register list has changed since the previous file was generated
235 (e.g. a new register added).
237 The version and hash checks above are dependent on the artifact file having a header
238 as given by :meth:`.header`.
239 """
240 return self._should_create(file_path=self.output_file)
242 def _should_create(self, file_path: Path) -> bool:
243 """
244 Check if a (re-)create of this specific artifact is needed.
245 """
246 if not file_path.exists():
247 return True
249 return self._find_versions_and_hash_of_existing_file(file_path=file_path) != (
250 hdl_registers_version,
251 self.__version__,
252 self.register_list.object_hash,
253 )
255 def _find_versions_and_hash_of_existing_file(
256 self, file_path: Path
257 ) -> tuple[str | None, str | None, str | None]:
258 """
259 Returns the matching strings in a tuple. Either field can be ``None`` if nothing found.
260 """
261 existing_file_content = read_file(file=file_path)
263 result_package_version = None
264 result_generator_version = None
265 result_hash = None
267 # This is either the very first line of the file, or starting on a new line.
268 package_version_re = re.compile(
269 rf"(^|\n){self.COMMENT_START} This file is automatically generated by "
270 rf"hdl-registers version (\S+)\.{self.COMMENT_END}\n"
271 )
272 package_version_match = package_version_re.search(existing_file_content)
273 if package_version_match:
274 result_package_version = package_version_match.group(2)
276 generator_version_re = re.compile(
277 rf"\n{self.COMMENT_START} Code generator {self.__class__.__name__} "
278 rf"version (\S+).{self.COMMENT_END}\n",
279 )
280 generator_version_match = generator_version_re.search(existing_file_content)
281 if generator_version_match:
282 result_generator_version = generator_version_match.group(1)
284 hash_re = re.compile(
285 rf"\n{self.COMMENT_START} Register hash ([0-9a-f]+)\.{self.COMMENT_END}\n"
286 )
287 hash_match = hash_re.search(existing_file_content)
288 if hash_match:
289 result_hash = hash_match.group(1)
291 return result_package_version, result_generator_version, result_hash
293 @property
294 def header(self) -> str:
295 """
296 Get file header informing the user that the file is automatically generated.
297 Basically the information from :meth:`.generated_source_info` formatted as a comment block.
298 """
299 generated_source_info = self.comment_block(text=self.generated_source_info, indent=0)
300 separator_line = self.get_separator_line(indent=0)
301 return f"{separator_line}{generated_source_info}{separator_line}"
303 @property
304 def generated_source_info(self) -> list[str]:
305 """
306 Return lines informing the user that the file is automatically generated.
307 Containing info about the source of the generated register information.
308 """
309 return self._get_generated_source_info(use_rst_annotation=False)
311 def _get_generated_source_info(self, use_rst_annotation: bool) -> list[str]:
312 """
313 Lines with info about the automatically generated file.
314 """
315 # Default: Get git SHA from the user's current working directory.
316 directory = Path.cwd()
318 # This call will more or less guess the user's timezone.
319 # In a general use case this is not reliable, hence the rule, but in our case
320 # the date information is not critical in any way.
321 # It is just there for extra info.
322 # https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/call-datetime-now-without-tzinfo/
323 time_info = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M") # noqa: DTZ005
325 annotation = "``" if use_rst_annotation else ""
327 file_info = ""
328 if self.register_list.source_definition_file is not None:
329 # If the source definition file does exist, get git SHA from that directory instead.
330 directory = self.register_list.source_definition_file.parent
332 file_name = f"{annotation}{self.register_list.source_definition_file.name}{annotation}"
333 file_info = f" from file {file_name}"
335 commit_info = ""
336 if git_commands_are_available(directory=directory):
337 git_commit = get_git_commit(directory=directory, use_rst_annotation=use_rst_annotation)
338 commit_info = f" at Git commit {git_commit}"
339 elif svn_commands_are_available(cwd=directory):
340 svn_revision = get_svn_revision_information(
341 cwd=directory, use_rst_annotation=use_rst_annotation
342 )
343 commit_info = f" at SVN revision {svn_revision}"
345 info = f"Generated {time_info}{file_info}{commit_info}."
347 name_link = (
348 "`hdl-registers <https://hdl-registers.com>`_"
349 if use_rst_annotation
350 else "hdl-registers"
351 )
353 return [
354 f"This file is automatically generated by {name_link} version {hdl_registers_version}.",
355 f"Code generator {annotation}{self.__class__.__name__}{annotation} "
356 f"version {self.__version__}.",
357 info,
358 f"Register hash {self.register_list.object_hash}.",
359 ]
361 def _sanity_check(self) -> None:
362 """
363 Do some basic checks that no naming errors are present.
364 Will raise exception if there is any error.
366 In general, the user will know if these errors are present when the generated code is
367 compiled/used since it will probably crash.
368 But it is better to warn early, rather than the user finding out when compiling headers
369 after a 1-hour FPGA build.
371 We run this check at creation time, always and for every single generator.
372 Hence the user will hopefully get warned when they generate e.g. a VHDL package at the start
373 of the FPGA build that a register uses a reserved C++ name.
374 This check takes roughly 140 us on a decent computer with a typical register list.
375 Hence it is not a big deal that it might be run more than once for each register list.
377 It is better to have it here in the generator rather than in the parser:
378 1. Here it runs only when necessary, not adding time to parsing which is often done in
379 real time.
380 2. We also catch things that were added with the Python API.
381 """
382 self._check_reserved_keywords()
383 self._check_for_name_clashes()
385 def _check_reserved_keywords(self) -> None:
386 """
387 Check that no item in the register list matches a reserved keyword in any of the targeted
388 generator languages.
389 To minimize the risk that a generated artifact does not compile.
390 """
392 def check(name: str, description: str) -> None:
393 if name.lower() in RESERVED_KEYWORDS:
394 message = (
395 f'Error in register list "{self.name}": '
396 f'{description} name "{name}" is a reserved keyword.'
397 )
398 raise ValueError(message)
400 for constant in self.register_list.constants:
401 check(name=constant.name, description="Constant")
403 for register, _ in self.iterate_registers():
404 check(name=register.name, description="Register")
406 for field in register.fields:
407 check(name=field.name, description="Field")
409 for register_array in self.iterate_register_arrays():
410 check(name=register_array.name, description="Register array")
412 def _check_for_name_clashes(self) -> None:
413 """
414 Check that there are no name clashes between items in the register list.
415 To minimize the risk that a generated artifact does not compile.
416 """
417 self._check_for_constant_name_clashes()
418 self._check_for_top_level_name_clashes()
419 self._check_for_field_name_clashes()
420 self._check_for_qualified_name_clashes()
422 def _check_for_constant_name_clashes(self) -> None:
423 """
424 Check that there are no constants with the same name.
425 """
426 constant_names = set()
427 for constant in self.register_list.constants:
428 if constant.name in constant_names:
429 message = (
430 f'Error in register list "{self.name}": '
431 f'Duplicate constant name "{constant.name}".'
432 )
433 raise ValueError(message)
435 constant_names.add(constant.name)
437 def _check_for_top_level_name_clashes(self) -> None:
438 """
439 Check that there are no
440 * duplicate register names,
441 * duplicate register array names,
442 * register array names that clash with register names.
443 """
444 plain_register_names = set()
445 for register in self.iterate_plain_registers():
446 if register.name in plain_register_names:
447 message = (
448 f'Error in register list "{self.name}": '
449 f'Duplicate plain register name "{register.name}".'
450 )
451 raise ValueError(message)
453 plain_register_names.add(register.name)
455 register_array_names = set()
456 for register_array in self.iterate_register_arrays():
457 if register_array.name in register_array_names:
458 message = (
459 f'Error in register list "{self.name}": '
460 f'Duplicate register array name "{register_array.name}".'
461 )
462 raise ValueError(message)
464 if register_array.name in plain_register_names:
465 message = (
466 f'Error in register list "{self.name}": '
467 f'Register array "{register_array.name}" may not have same name as register.'
468 )
469 raise ValueError(message)
471 register_array_names.add(register_array.name)
473 def _check_for_field_name_clashes(self) -> None:
474 """
475 Check that no register contains fields with the same name.
476 """
477 for register, register_array in self.iterate_registers():
478 field_names = set()
480 for field in register.fields:
481 if field.name in field_names:
482 register_description = (
483 f"{register_array.name}.{register.name}"
484 if register_array
485 else register.name
486 )
487 message = (
488 f'Error in register list "{self.name}": '
489 f'Duplicate field name "{field.name}" in register "{register_description}".'
490 )
491 raise ValueError(message)
493 field_names.add(field.name)
495 def _check_for_qualified_name_clashes(self) -> None:
496 """
497 Check that there are no name clashes when names of registers and fields are qualified.
499 The register 'apa_hest' will give a conflict with the field 'apa.hest' since both will get
500 e.g. a VHDL simulation method 'read_apa_hest'.
501 Hence we need to check for these conflicts.
502 """
503 qualified_names = set()
505 for register, register_array in self.iterate_registers():
506 register_name = self.qualified_register_name(
507 register=register, register_array=register_array
508 )
509 register_description = (
510 f"{register_array.name}.{register.name}" if register_array else register.name
511 )
513 if register_name in qualified_names:
514 message = (
515 f'Error in register list "{self.name}": '
516 f'Qualified name of register "{register_description}" '
517 f'("{register_name}") clashes with another item.'
518 )
519 raise ValueError(message)
521 qualified_names.add(register_name)
523 for field in register.fields:
524 field_name = self.qualified_field_name(
525 register=register, register_array=register_array, field=field
526 )
528 if field_name in qualified_names:
529 field_description = f"{register_description}.{field.name}"
530 message = (
531 f'Error in register list "{self.name}": '
532 f'Qualified name of field "{field_description}" '
533 f'("{field_name}") clashes with another item.'
534 )
535 raise ValueError(message)
537 qualified_names.add(field_name)